The current investigation discovered that the same culture condition can be used to derive both embryonic stem cells and extraembryonic stem cells, such as trophoblast stem cells and extraembryonic endoderm stem cells, from the blastocysts of mice and primates. In a 2021 study published in Cell Stem Cell, the Wu Lab devised a culture method that could generate an intermediate, also referred to as formative, state of pluripotent stem cells from the blastocysts of mice and horses. Wu's group has developed strategies to generate stem cell embryo models for studying peri-implantation development in vitro. Researchers have identified several new types of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) with distinct molecular and phenotypic features from different species and generated PSC-derived interspecies chimeras and a blastocyst complementation system for the generation of organs and tissues. The new findings build upon the Wu Laboratory's earlier work, which has contributed to the generation of novel stem cells for basic and translational studies. "Overall, the ability to mimic natural embryonic environments in vitro can significantly advance the study of early human development and diseases, potentially leading to novel treatments and prevention strategies," said first author Yulei Wei, Professor in the College of Biological Sciences at the China Agricultural University in Beijing, who completed her postdoctoral training in 2022 in the Wu Lab at UT Southwestern. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences at UT Southwestern. Wu, a member of the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and the Cecil H. The insights derived from this study lay the groundwork for potentially preventive and therapeutic strategies for such conditions," noted Dr. "This fundamental research in stem cell biology holds the potential to provide crucial insights into the genesis of congenital malformations and early developmental disorders. The study also identifies both common and unique factors involved in regulating extraembryonic endoderm stem cells across different species. In addition to outlining the new unified growth conditions for embryonic and extraembryonic stem cells, the study reveals critical interactions between different embryonic and extraembryonic cell types, such as the growth inhibition of pluripotent cells by extraembryonic endoderm cells, and emphasizes the importance of cell-to-cell communication during embryogenesis. The use of this novel system not only deepens our understanding of the interplay between embryonic and extraembryonic cells during embryogenesis but also sets the stage for the creation of more precise models of embryonic development and improved stem cell differentiation protocols," said lead author Jun Wu, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Molecular Biology and a Virginia Murchison Linthicum Scholar in Medical Research at UT Southwestern. "These findings represent significant progress in stem cell and developmental biology through the development of a unified stem cell culture system. Published in Cell, the report by an international team of researchers from the U.S., China and Japan outlines procedures for establishing a culture system that, for the first time, permits the simultaneous derivation and co-culture of stem cells from both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues.
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